*FLUID PIPE FLOW LOSS

Specify fluid pipe element loss.

This option is used to specify the loss that happens during fluid flow through a fluid pipe element. It must be used in conjunction with the FLUID PIPE SECTION option.

This page discusses:

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Fluid Pipe Elements

Products Abaqus/Standard

Type Model data

LevelPartPart instance

Required parameters

TYPE

Set TYPE=BLASIUS to define the friction parameters using Blasius's equation for the friction factor.

Set TYPE=CHURCHILL to define the friction parameters using Churchill's equation for the friction factor.

Set TYPE=TABULAR to define the Reynold's number-friction values in a tabular form.

Set TYPE=USER to define the connector loss parameters using user subroutine UFLUIDPIPEFRICTION.

Optional parameters

LAMINAR FLOW TRANSITION

Set this parameter equal to the Reynold's number for the flow in the pipe below which the linear formulation is used. If this parameter is omitted, the default value is 1.0.

SLURRY SETTLING

Set SLURRY SETTLING=TURIAN to model the additional pressure loss due to slurry flow.

Data line to define pipe loss (TYPE=BLASIUS)

First (and only) line

  1. Hydraulic area.

  2. Hydraulic diameter.

  3. Additional pipe length to be added to the element for increasing the friction loss.

  4. Scaling factor for the pipe length to increase friction loss in the element.

  5. Addition of a connector loss to friction factor when the fluid flows in the direction determined by the element connectivity.

  6. Addition of a connector loss to friction factor when the fluid flows opposite to the direction determined by the element connectivity.

Data line to define pipe loss (TYPE=CHURCHILL)

First (and only) line

  1. Hydraulic area.

  2. Hydraulic diameter.

  3. Additional pipe length to be added to the element for increasing the friction loss.

  4. Scaling factor for the pipe length to increase friction loss in the element.

  5. Addition of a connector loss to friction factor when the fluid flows in the direction determined by the element connectivity.

  6. Addition of a connector loss to friction factor when the fluid flows opposite to the direction determined by the element connectivity.

  7. Surface roughness of the pipe used in the friction factor calculation.

Data lines to define pipe loss (TYPE=TABULAR)

First line

  1. Hydraulic area.

  2. Hydraulic diameter.

  3. Additional pipe length to be added to the element for increasing the friction loss.

  4. Scaling factor for the pipe length to increase friction loss in the element.

  5. Addition of a connector loss to friction factor when the fluid flows in the direction determined by the element connectivity.

  6. Addition of a connector loss to friction factor when the fluid flows opposite to the direction determined by the element connectivity.

Second line

  1. Reynolds number.

  2. Friction coefficient.

Repeat this data line as often as necessary.

Data line to define pipe loss (TYPE=USER)

First (and only) line

  1. Hydraulic area.

  2. Hydraulic diameter.

  3. Surface roughness of the pipe used in the friction factor calculation.

Data lines to redefine the default Turian settling coefficients (SLURRY SETTLING=TURIAN)

These data lines are optional. If you choose to redefine the coefficients, these data lines appear after the data lines required for the various pipe loss definitions. You must redefine all the coefficients for the four different flow regimes as described by Turian. For more information, see Slurry Fluid Pipe Equations.

First optional line

  1. Coefficient A 1 for sliding bed (Regime 0).

  2. Coefficient A 2 for sliding bed (Regime 0).

  3. Coefficient A 3 for sliding bed (Regime 0).

  4. Coefficient A 4 for sliding bed (Regime 0).

  5. Coefficient A 5 for sliding bed (Regime 0).

Second optional line

  1. Coefficient A 1 for saltation (Regime 1).

  2. Coefficient A 2 for saltation (Regime 1).

  3. Coefficient A 3 for saltation (Regime 1).

  4. Coefficient A 4 for saltation (Regime 1).

  5. Coefficient A 5 for saltation (Regime 1).

Third optional line

  1. Coefficient A 1 for heterogeneous suspension (Regime 2).

  2. Coefficient A 2 for heterogeneous suspension (Regime 2).

  3. Coefficient A 3 for heterogeneous suspension (Regime 2).

  4. Coefficient A 4 for heterogeneous suspension (Regime 2).

  5. Coefficient A 5 for heterogeneous suspension (Regime 2).

Fourth optional line

  1. Coefficient A 1 for homogeneous suspension (Regime 3).

  2. Coefficient A 2 for homogeneous suspension (Regime 3).

  3. Coefficient A 3 for homogeneous suspension (Regime 3).

  4. Coefficient A 4 for homogeneous suspension (Regime 3).

  5. Coefficient A 5 for homogeneous suspension (Regime 3).